Meditation

Aum   by hi joiney

Nomenclature orthography and etymology br The Sanskrit name for the syllable is prava from a root nu to shout sound praise verbal pra nu being attested as to make a humming or droning sound in the Brahmanas and taking the specific meaning of to utter the syllable om in the Chandogya Upanishad and the Shrauta Sutras More rarely used terms are akara or ekkara and in later times omkra becomes prevalent br Phonemically the syllable is aum which is regularly monophthongized to in Sanskrit phonology It is sometimes also written with pluti as o3m notably by Arya Samaj When occurring within a Sanskrit utterance the syllable is subject to the normal rules of sandhi in Sanskrit grammar however with the additional peculiarity that after preceding a or the o of om does not form vriddhi au but guna o per Pni 6 1 95 br The Aum symbol is a ligature of Devanagari o encoded in Unicode at U 0950 the Tibetan script variant at U 0F00 and the Chinese at U 5535 or at U 543D br It is thought that Amen in Christianity and Amin in Islam came from AUM but lost its original pronunciation through history br In Hinduism br God Ganesha is sometimes identified with the Aum br The syllable Aum is first described as all encompassing mystical entity in the Upanishads Today in all Hindu art and all over India and Nepal Aum can be seen virtually everywhere a common sign for Hinduism and its philosophy and theology As the creation began the divine all encompassing consciousness took the form of the first and original vibration manifesting as sound OM Before creation began it was Shunyakasha the emptiness or the void Shunyakasha is more than nothingness because everything existed in a latent state of potentiality The vibration of OM symbolizes the manifestation of God in form OM is the reflection of the absolute reality it is said to be Adi Anadi without beginning or the end and embracing all that exists The mantra OM is the name of God the vibration of the Supreme When taken letter by letter A U M represents the divine energy Shakti united in its three elementary aspects Bhrahma Shakti creation Vishnu Shakti preservation and Shiva liberation and or destruction Shakti br In Hinduism Om corresponds to the crown chakra and diamond white light br Upanishads and Sutra literature br Further information Mandukya Upanishad br The Balinese Om symbol br The syllable is mentioned in all the Upanishads specially elaborated upon in the Taittiriya Chandogya and Mandukya Upanishad set forth as the object of profound religious meditation the highest spiritual efficacy being attributed not only to the whole word but also to the three sounds a a kra u u kra m ma kra of which it consists A kara means form or shape like earth trees or any other object U kara means formless or shapeless like water air or fire Ma kara means neither shape nor shapeless but still exists like the dark matter in the Universe When we combine all three syllables we get AUM which is a combination of A kara U kara and Ma kara br The Katha Upanishad has br The goal which all Vedas declare which all austerities aim at and which humans desire when they live a life of conscience I will tell you briefly it is Aum br The one syllable evkara viz Aum is indeed Brahman This one syllable is the highest Whosoever knows this one syllable obtains all that he desires br This is the best support this is the highest support Whosoever knows this support is adored in the world of Brahma 1 2 15 17 br The Chandogya Upanishad 1 1 1 1 states br om ity etad akaram udgtham upsta om iti hy udgyati tasyopavykhynam br The udgitha the chanting that is the syllable om is the best of all essences the highest deserving the highest place the eighth br The Bhagavad Gita 8 13 has br Uttering the monosyllable Aum the eternal world of Brahman One who departs leaving the body at death he attains the superior goal br The Bhagavad Gita 9 17 has Krishna says to Arjuna I am the father of this universe the mother the support and the grandsire I am the object of knowledge the purifier and the syllable O I am also the the Sma and the Yajur Vedas br The Bhagvad Gita 17 23 has br om tatsatiti nirdesho brahmanstrividhah samratah br OM tat and sat has been declared as the triple appellation of Brahma who is Truth Consciousness and Bliss br In the following sutra it emphasizes The repetition of Om should be made with an understanding of its meaning br Puranic Hinduism br The Om Parvat in Pithoragarh district br In Puranic Hinduism Aum is the mystic name for the Hindu Trimurti and represents the union of the three gods viz a for Brahma u for Vishnu and m for Mahadev which is another name of Shiva The three sounds also symbolize the three Vedas Rigveda Samaveda Yajurveda br According to Hindu philosophy see Mandukya Upanishad the letter A represents creation when all existence issued forth from Brahma s golden nucleus the letter U refers to Vishnu the God of the middle who preserves this world by balancing Brahma on a lotus above himself and the letter M symbolizes the final part of the cycle of existence when Vishnu falls asleep and Shiva has to breathe in so that all existing things have to disintegrate and are reduced to their essence to him More broadly Aum is said to be the primordial sound that was present at the creation of the universe It is said to be the original sound that contains all other sounds all words all languages and all mantras br Dvaita br Omkar in Bangla Script br Vaishnava Dvaita philosophies teach that Aum is an impersonal sound representation of Vishnu Krishna while Hari Nama is the personal sound representation A represents Krishna U Srimati Radharani and M jivas According to Sridhara Svami the pranava has five parts A U M the nasal bindu and the reverberation nada Liberated souls meditate on the Lord at the end of that reverberation For both Hindus and Buddhists this syllable is sacred and so laden with spiritual energy that it may only be pronounced with complete concentration br Thai br File Thai Om jpg br Aum symbol in Thai language br In Thailand times Thais make Thai scripts and an om in the end File Thai Om gif br Advaita br Aum symbol on a temple elephant s forehead br In Advaita philosophy it is frequently used to represent three subsumed into one a triune a common theme in Hinduism It implies that our current existence is mithy and maya falsehood that in order to know the full truth we must comprehend beyond the body and intellect the true nature of infinity Essentially upon moksha mukti samdhi one is able not only to see or know existence for what it is but to become it When one gains true knowledge there is no split between knower and known one becomes knowledge consciousness itself In essence Aum is the signifier of the ultimate truth that all is one br Examples of sacred triunes three in ones citation needed br Creation Brahma Preservation Vishnu Destruction Shiva into Brahman the Atman br Waking Dreaming Dreamless Sleep into Turiya transcendental fourth state of consciousness br Rajas activity heat fire Tamas dullness ignorance darkness Sattva purity light serenity shanti into Brahman br Body Speech and Mind into Oneness br Generate Brahma Saraswati Operate Narayan Lakshmi Destroy Shiv Shakti as GOD within br Satchitananda br In proper names br When Aum is a part of a place name for example Omkareshwar or is used as a man s name it is spelled phonetically using ordinary letters of whatever Indian alphabet is used in the area The adherents of Arya Samaj always use the ordinary letters and to write Aum br In Jainism br Depiction of Om in Jain script br In Jainism Aum is regarded to be a condensed form of reference to the five parameshthis by their initials A A A U M o3m The Dravyasamgrah quotes a Prakrit line br br oma ekkara paca paramehi nm dipam tatkabhamiti ceta arihat asarr yariy taha uvajjhy muy br Aum is one syllable made from the initials of the five parameshthis It has been said Arihanta Ashiri Acharya Upadhyaya Muni br Thus o nama is a short form of the Navkar Mantra br In Buddhism br Buddhists place om at the beginning of their Vidya Sadaksari or mystical formulary in six syllables viz om mani padme hum as well as most other mantras and dharanis As a seed syllable bija mantra it is also considered holy in Esoteric Buddhism br The syllable is often written with the Chinese character pinyin n or pinyin wng in Buddhist texts of East Asian provenience br Onkar in Sikhism br Main article Ek Onkar br Gurmukhi Ek Onkar symbol br Guru Nanak dev ji writes that From Onkaar the One Universal Creator God Brahma was created He kept Ongkaar in his consciousness From Ongkaar the mountains and the ages were created Onkaar created the Vedas Khushwant Singh writes that The concept of om which is somewhat elusive in Hinduism is crystallized in Sikh theology and is given a status of symbol the symbol of God The singularity of God is expressed in the saying Ek Onkar There is one God Guru Nanak s teaching about God is summed in the Sikh Mool Mantra br Notes br Wazir Singh Aspects of Guru Nanak s philosophy 1969 p 20 the a u m of aum have also been explained as signifying the three principles of creation sustenance and annihilation Onkar in relation to existence implies plurality but its substitute Ekonkar definitely implies singularity in spite of the seeming multiplicity of existence br Sri H W L Poonja The Truth is Published by Samuel Weiser 2000 ISBN 1 57863 175 0 br Mandala Yoga br Om Amen and Amin br a b c d Paramhans Swami Maheshwarananda The hidden power in humans Ibera Verlag page 15 ISBN 3 85052 197 4 br Satyarth Prakash by Swami Dayanand Saraswati br 160 sarve ved yat padam mananti tapmsi sarv ca yad vadanti yad icchanto brahmacarya caranti tat te pada sarahe bravmy om ity etat br etad dhy evkara brahma etad dhy evkara param etad dhy evkara jtv yo yad icchati tasya tat br etad lambana reham etad lambana param etad lambana jtv brahmaloke mahyate br Yoga Sutras of Patanjali English translation by Bon Giovanni sacred texts com br Siri Guru Granth Sahib English Translation 3rd ed pp 160 929 http www gurbanifiles org translations English 20Translation 20of 20Siri 20Guru 20Granth 20Sahib pdf 160 br Singh Khushwant 2002 The Sikhs in Kitagawa Joseph Mitsuo The religious traditions of Asia religion history and culture London RoutledgeCurzon p 160 114 ISBN 0 7007 1762 5 http books google com books id 5LSvkQvvmAMC amp pg PA114 amp 160 br Mahinder N Gulati 2008 Comparative Religious and Philosophies Atlantic Publishers amp Distributors p 160 330 ISBN 8126909021 160 br External links br Wikimedia Commons has media related to Aum br Aum in the Upanishads Bhagavad Gita and Yoga Sutras br v 160 160 d 160 160 e br Hinduism br Aum 160 Ayurveda 160 Chakra 160 Dharma 160 Denominations 160 Deities 160 Gurus and saints 160 Schools 160 Karma 160 Jyotish 160 Mantras 160 Moksha 160 Sruti 160 Smriti 160 Yoga br Portal br v 160 160 d 160 160 e br Buddhism topics br Foundations br Three Jewels Buddha 160 Dharma 160 Sangha 160 Four Noble Truths 160 Noble Eightfold Path 160 Nirvana 160 Middle Way br The Buddha br Tathgata 160 Birthday 160 Four sights 160 Physical characteristics 160 Footprint 160 Iconography 160 Films 160 Miracles 160 Family Suddhodana father 160 Maya mother 160 Yasodhara wife 160 Rahula son 160 Places where the Buddha stayed 160 Buddha in world religions br Key concepts br Three Marks of Existence Impermanence 160 Suffering 160 Not self 160 Dependent Origination 160 Five Aggregates 160 Karma 160 Rebirth 160 Sara 160 Sahra 160 Defilements 160 Ignorance 160 Craving 160 Five Hindrances 160 Ten Fetters 160 Faculties 160 Enlightenment Awakening 160 Parinirvana 160 Thusness 160 Two truths doctrine 160 Emptiness 160 Bodhicitta 160 Bodhisattva 160 Buddha nature 160 Mindstream 160 Dzogchen br Cosmology br Ten spiritual realms 160 Six Realms Hell 160 Animal realm 160 Hungry Ghost realm 160 Asura realm 160 Human realm 160 Heaven 160 Three planes of existence br Practices br Refuge 160 Buddhist devotion 160 Puja Offerings 160 Prostration 160 Chanting 160 Merit 160 Paritta 160 Generosity 160 Renunciation 160 Morality Precepts 160 Bodhisattva vows 160 Patimokkha 160 Threefold Training Morality 160 Concentration 160 Wisdom 160 Four Divine Abidings Loving kindness 160 Compassion 160 Sympathetic joy 160 Equanimity 160 Perfections 160 Enlightenment Qualities 160 Seven Factors of Enlightenment 160 Bases of Power 160 Five Strengths 160 Faith 160 Effort Four Right Exertions 160 Mindfulness Satipatthana 160 Jhna Dhyna 160 Bhavana 160 Meditation Kammana 160 Recollection 160 Smarana 160 Mindfulness of Breathing 160 Serenity meditation 160 Insight meditation 160 Shikantaza 160 Zazen 160 Kan 160 Mandala 160 Tonglen 160 Tantra 160 Tertn 160 Terma br Attainment br Types of Buddha 160 Private Buddha 160 Bodhisattva 160 Four stages of enlightenment Stream enterer 160 Once returner 160 Non returner 160 Arahant br Monasticism br Monk 160 Nun 160 Novice monk 160 Novice nun 160 Anagarika 160 Ajahn 160 Sayadaw 160 Zen master 160 Roshi 160 Lama 160 Rinpoche 160 Geshe 160 Tulku 160 Householder 160 Lay follower 160 Disciple br Major figures br Gautama Buddha 160 Sriputta 160 Mahamoggallna 160 Ananda 160 Maha Kassapa 160 Anuruddha 160 Mahakaccana 160 Nanda 160 Subhuti 160 Punna 160 Upali 160 Mahapajapati Gotami 160 Khema 160 Uppalavanna 160 Buddhaghosa 160 Nagasena 160 Bodhidharma 160 Nagarjuna 160 Asanga 160 Vasubandhu 160 Atisha 160 Padmasambhava 160 Dalai Lama br Texts br Tipitaka Vinaya Pitaka 160 Sutta Pitaka 160 Abhidhamma Pitaka 160 Commentaries Visuddhimagga 160 Mahayana sutras 160 Chinese Buddhist canon Tripitaka Koreana 160 Tibetan Buddhist canon br Branches br Theravada 160 Mahayana Zen 160 Pure Land 160 Tiantai 160 Nichiren 160 Madhyamaka 160 Yogacara 160

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